These
commands does not require statement terminator and applicable to the sessions ,
those will be automatically cleared when session was closed.
LINESIZE
This
will be used to set the linesize. Default linesize is 80.
Syntax:
Set linesize <value>
Ex:
SQL> set linesize 100
PAGESIZE
This
will be used to set the pagesize. Default pagesize is 14.
Syntax:
Set pagesize <value>
Ex:
SQL> set pagesize 30
DESCRIBE
This
will be used to see the object’s structure.
Syntax:
Describe or desc <object_name>
Ex:
SQL> desc dept
Name
Null? Type
-----------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------
DEPTNO NOT
NULL NUMBER(2)
DNAME
VARCHAR2(14)
LOC
VARCHAR2(13)
PAUSE
When the displayed data contains hundreds or
thousands of lines, when you select it then it will automatically scrolls and
displays the last page data. To prevent this you can use this pause option. By
using this it will display the data correspoinding to the pagesize with a break
which will continue by hitting the return key. By default this will be off.
Syntax:
Set pause on | off
Ex:
SQL> set pause on
FEEDBACK
This will give the information regarding howmany
rows you selected the object. By default the feedback message will be
displayed, only when the object contains more than 5 rows.
Syntax:
Set feedback <value>
Ex:
SQL> set feedback 4
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO
DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10
ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
4 rows selected.
HEADING
If
you want to display data without headings, then you can achieve with this. By
default heading is on.
Syntax:
Set heading on | off
Ex:
SQL> set heading off
SQL> select * from dept;
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SERVEROUTPUT
This
will be used to display the output of the PL/SQL programs. By default this will
be off.
Syntax:
Set serveroutput on | off
Ex:
SQL> set serveroutput on
TIME
This
will be used to display the time. By default this will be off.
Syntax:
Set time on | off
Ex:
SQL> set time on
19:56:33 SQL>
TIMING
This
will give the time taken to execute the current SQL statement. By default this
will be off.
Syntax:
Set timing on | off
Ex:
SQL> set timing on
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO
DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
SQLPROMPT
This
will be used to change the SQL prompt.
Syntax:
Set sqlprompt <prompt>
Ex:
SQL> set sqlprompt 'ORACLE>'
ORACLE>
SQLCASE
This
will be used to change the case of the SQL statements. By default the case is
mixed.
Syntax:
Set sqlcase upper | mixed | lower
Ex:
SQL> set sqlcase upper
SQLTERMINATOR
This
will be used to change the terminator of the SQL statements. By default the
terminator is ;.
Syntax:
Set sqlterminator <termination_character>
Ex:
SQL> set sqlterminator :
SQL> select * from dept:
DEFINE
By default if the & character finds then it will
treat as bind variable and ask for the input. Suppose your want to treat it as
a normal character while inserting data, then you can prevent this by using the
define option. By default this will be on
Syntax:
Set define on | off
Ex:
SQL>insert into dept
values(50,'R&D','HYD');
Enter value for d:
old
1: insert into dept values(50,'R&D','HYD')
new
1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(50,'R','HYD')
SQL> set define off
SQL>insert into dept
values(50,'R&D','HYD'); --
here it won’t ask for value
NEWPAGE
This
will shows how many blank lines will be left before the report. By default it
will leave one blank line.
Syntax:
Set newpage <value>
Ex:
SQL> set newpage 10
The zero value for newpage does not produce zero
blank lines instead it switches to a special property which produces a
top-of-form character (hex 13) just before the date on each page. Most modern
printers respond to this by moving immediately to the top of the next page,
where the priting of the report will begin.
HEADSEP
This
allow you to indicate where you want to break a page title or a column heading
that runs longer than one line. The default heading separator is vertical bar
(|).
Syntax:
Set headsep <separation_char>
Ex:
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> set headsetp !
SQL> col dname heading 'DEPARTMENT !
NAME'
SQL> /
DEPARTMENT
DEPTNO
NAME LOC
---------- ----------------- ----------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS
BOSTON
ECHO
When
using a bind variable, the SQL statement is maintained by echo. By default this
is off.
Syntax:
Set echo on | off
VERIFY
When
using a bind variable, the old and new statements will be maintained by verify.
By default this is on.
Syntax:
Set verify on | off
Ex:
SQL> select * from dept where
deptno = &dno;
Enter value for dno: 10
old 1:
select * from dept where deptno = &dno
new 1:
select * from dept where deptno = 10
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- ---------------- -----------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
SQL> set verify off
SQL> select * from dept where deptno
= &dno;
Enter value for dno: 20
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------
-----------
20 RESEARCH
DALLAS
PNO
This
will give displays the page numbers. By default the value would be zero.
Ex:
SQL> col hiredate new_value xtoday
noprint format a1 trunc
SQL>
ttitle left xtoday right 'page' sql.pno
SQL> select * from emp where deptno = 10;
09-JUN-81
page 1
EMPNO
ENAME JOB MGR SAL
COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- ---------------
--------- ----- ---------- ----------
7782 CLARK
MANAGER 7839 2450 10
7839 KING PRESIDENT 5000 10
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1300 10
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